A taxonomic study was carried out on a bacterial strain designated as Jip2^T isolated from a soil sample mixed with rotten rice straw. It was a Gram-negative, aerobic, motile, and rod-shaped bacterium. It grew well on nutrient agar medium and utilized a fairly narrow spectrum of carbon source. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 65.3 mol%. The major ubiquinone was Q-8. The major fatty acids were branched fatty acids, especially large amounts of iso C_15:0 and iso C_17:1 ω9c were detected in the cells grown on TSA agar for 24 h. Comparative 16S rDNA study showed a clear affiliation of this bacterium to the genus Rhodanobacter. The 16S rDNA sequence of strain Jip2^T showed 96.4% sequence similarity to that of Rhodanobacter lindaniclasticus RP5575^T. On the basis of phenotypic characteristics and 16S rDNA sequence analysis, strain Jip2^T is clearly distinct from Rhodanobacter lindaniclasticus. We propose the name Rhodanobacter fulvus sp. nov. for strain Jip2^T (=IAM 15025^T=KCTC 12098^T).